The impeller is the main component of the horizontal centrifugal high-pressure pump. It is made of cast iron. The blades on the pump impeller play a major role. The shape and size of the horizontal high-pressure centrifugal pump impeller are closely related to the performance of the pump. The impeller not only refers to the wheel disc equipped with moving blades, which is a component of the impulse steam turbine rotor, but also refers to the general term of the wheel disc and the rotating blades installed on it. Impellers are usually cast or welded. The material is selected according to the working medium. The main function of the impeller is to convert the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the static pressure energy and dynamic pressure energy of the working fluid.
1. Impeller casting defects
Failure performance: flow channel inclusions; fleshy; not smooth; trachoma; cracks; shrinkage and so on.
Treatment method: Grinding, repair welding and other methods can be carried out according to the actual situation. If the problem is serious, it needs to be scrapped and recast.
2. Impeller abrasion
Failure performance: The picture shows the process pump impeller made of gray cast iron material was worn by water containing a small amount of cement foam within 5 years. The abrasion problem is more caused by improper material selection of the design party or improper pump type selection, or It is caused by contamination of the process medium.
Common problems and treatment methods of horizontal centrifugal high-pressure pump impeller
Treatment method: change the impeller material; change the design scheme, change the pump type; check the process medium.
3. Impeller cavitation
Fault performance: improper design scheme; excessively high installation position; improper material selection, etc.
Treatment method: lower the installation position; change the material that is more resistant to cavitation; redesign the pump type, etc.
4. The impeller mouth is locked
Fault performance: design gap is too small; the hardness difference between the front and rear mouth rings is less than 50HBW; there are solid particles in the gap between the mouth rings; the mouth ring is deformed, etc.
Treatment method: increase the design gap; change the material of the mouth ring; check the process medium; replace the new mouth ring, etc.
5. Impeller fracture
Fault performance: caused by cavitation, corrosion, and abrasion; caused by poor casting quality; caused by water hammer.
Treatment method: replace with a new impeller.
6. Impeller corrosion
Failure performance: improper selection of materials.
Treatment method: replace a new impeller with anti-corrosion and wear materials; coating the impeller anti-corrosion layer; spraying the impeller anti-corrosion layer.
