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The Application of Self-Balancing Multistage Centrifugal Pumps in Seawater Desalination

06 Jan 2025Email

         Today, with such advanced science and technology, the problem of insufficient fresh water resources has been effectively alleviated with the maturation of seawater desalination technology. Currently, seawater desalination technology has reached a mature stage. Among the numerous developed desalination technologies, reverse osmosis technology stands out for its high efficiency and ease of large-scale application. This desalination method cannot do without the support of high-pressure pumps. In the implementation of reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology, high-pressure pumps play a crucial role. Among the widely used high-pressure pumps, there are mainly two types: plunger pumps and multistage centrifugal pumps. The multistage centrifugal pumps can be further classified into self-balancing multistage centrifugal pumps, horizontal multistage pumps, and split-case multistage centrifugal pumps. The application of these three types of pumps shows that self-balancing multistage pumps are one of the options for high-pressure pumps in seawater desalination.

 

seawater pump

 

Selection Strategy for High-Pressure Pumps in Seawater Desalination

            At present, the high-pressure pumps commonly used in reverse osmosis seawater desalination treatment systems mainly include plunger pumps and multi-stage centrifugal high-pressure pumps. These products have all achieved mature technology and series production in China. The following is a comparison table of parameter ranges and efficiencies of different high-pressure pumps.

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          Through the analysis of the table data, we can draw the following conclusion: when the flow rate is less than 110 tons per hour, the plunger pump shows a significant advantage in terms of energy efficiency; while when the flow rate exceeds 110 tons per hour, the segmented multistage centrifugal pump becomes a more reliable or even the only choice. For large reverse osmosis systems, such as when the flow rate reaches 900 tons per hour, the split-case multistage centrifugal pump is a more suitable option. However, it is worth noting that certain brands of segmented multistage centrifugal pumps can have their flow rate applicability increased to 1200 tons per hour within a certain head range, overlapping with the parameter range of split-case multistage centrifugal pumps. In such cases, customers need to comprehensively consider factors such as procurement cost, performance requirements, and maintenance budget. Generally speaking, the initial procurement costs of several types of multistage centrifugal pumps, from low to high, are horizontal multistage centrifugal pumps, self-balancing multistage pumps, and split-case multistage centrifugal pumps. However, the efficiency is the opposite, which also means that the energy consumption cost in the later stage is lower. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, and users can choose according to their project conditions.

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