Dewatering system for horizon mining
1. Direct discharging
Shafts mining:
All ore water is collected in the water tank and drained directly to the ground with drainage equipment(such as multistage pump, deep well pump, submersible pump, slurry pump).
Inclined mining:
Drainage pipelines can be layed along with the rockshaft or borehole.
2. Sectional discharging
Set up the pump house and water tank in the middle of the wellbore：
The advantage is that the upper and lower equipments do not affect each other, and the reliability is high, but the amount of development engineering is large. （Highly recommend）
Only open the middle pump room, do not open the water tank:
As the middle pump room is not open, so it is required to at least two pumps in one series. The piping system has become too complex.
Dewatering system for multi-seam horizon mining
1. Independent drainage system
When the level of water inflow is large, water tanks, pump rooms and drainage equipment are installed at each level to discharge the respective levels of water directly to the ground.
√ Advantage:
The upper and lower levels do not interfere with each other.
× Disadvantage:
More equipment, pipeline, large investment
2. Centralized drainage system
When the upper level of water inflow is small, it is not necessary to separately set the drainage equipment, the upper level water can be placed to the lower level, and then the lower level water pump (multistage pump) is discharged to the ground.
√ Advantage:
Only need one set of drainage equipment.
× Disadvantage:
Energy consumption is increased.
3. Sectional drainage system
The lower level of water is drained to the upper level of the water tank with auxiliary drainage and then concentrated to the ground.
× Disadvantage: Once the upper level of drainage equipment fails, both levels are in danger of being flooded.
Mine drainage methods are divided into fixed drainage, mobile drainage and self-flow drainage.
1. Fixed drainage:
This type of drainage method is divided into main drainage equipment, regional drainage equipment and auxiliary drainage equipment according to its service scope.
Drainage equipment is generally drained using a centrifugal pump.
Fixed drainage requirements
a. The main pump house is equipped with a working pump, a spare pump and an overhaul pump.
b. The drainage capacity of the working pump should be discharged for 24 hours within 20 hours. The capacity of the spare pump should be no less than 70% of the capacity of the working pump. And the total drainage capacity of the working pump and the spare pump should be discharged for a maximum of 24 hours in 20 hours. The ability to overhaul the pump should be no less than 25% of the working pump.
c. Drainage pipelines should have working and spare pipelines. The ability to work on the drain pipe should be compatible with the normal amount of water that the working pump discharges from the mine for 24 hours within 20 hours.
d. The power supply line of the main drainage pump room shall not be less than two circuits, and each circuit shall be able to supply the full load.
e. The pump unit working must be reliable.
f. The main drainage room shall have measures to prevent the sudden increase of water inrush and cause the equipment to be flooded.
g. Pump working conditions should be reflected in the high-efficiency working area in a pump curve performance report, otherwise it should be replaced.
h. Hydrological geological types with complex types of mines should be provided with waterproof gates around the bottom of the well site, or on the basis of the normal drainage system, a submersible pump with an independent power supply system and a drainage capacity not less than the maximum water inflow. That is, the strong drainage system, after the water tank is submerged, the pump can still work normally.
i. The capacity of the power distribution equipment should be matched to the ability to work, back up and overhaul the water pump to ensure that all pumps are operating at the same time.
2. Mobile drainage
A type of drainage in which the pump moves as the working surface moves or the water level changes. Partial services for mines, such as tunneling face, local flooding, etc. Submersible pumps are generally used for drainage.
Mobile drainage requirements
a. The pump should be adapted to the need of small changes in flow rate and have good water absorption performance to ensure that the water is drained.
b. The dimensions on the vertical pump shaft plane should be small to accommodate working in tunnels with smaller cross-sections.
c. It should be able to move easily and quickly.
3. Self-flow drainage
The drainage method adopted when the gushing point elevation is higher than the main drainage port. If the roadway goes up the mountain, use the ditch to drain.
