High-pressure boiler feed pumps are mostly horizontal multistage centrifugal pumps. Their core working principle is to generate centrifugal force through the high-speed rotation of impellers, superpose head stage by stage, and deliver pressurized water to boilers or high-pressure pipelines.
Water Intake into the Pump
The motor drives the main shaft to rotate at high speed, and low-pressure water enters the center of the first-stage impeller through the water inlet.
Pressure Boost via Centrifugal Force
As the impeller rotates rapidly, water is thrown to the outer edge of the impeller under the action of blades. Kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, achieving an initial rise in water pressure.
Flow Guidance and Pressurization by Diffuser Vanes
A diffuser vane is installed behind each stage impeller. It decelerates and rectifies the high-speed water flow, further converting kinetic energy into pressure energy, and steadily feeds the water into the next-stage impeller.
Multistage Superposition and Gradual Pressure Rise
Multiple sets of impellers and diffuser vanes are connected in series inside the pump casing. Water flows through each stage in sequence, with head and pressure accumulating progressively. Ultimately, ultra-high pressure is formed for water discharge from the outlet.
Continuous Overall Conveyance
Sustained driving by the motor creates a continuous and stable high-pressure water flow, meeting the demands of high-pressure working conditions such as boiler water supply, high-pressure dephosphorization and reverse osmosis.
Balance Disc / Balance Drum: Offsets the huge axial thrust generated by multistage impellers to prevent axial displacement of bearings and rotors for protection.
Mechanical Seal: Prevents leakage of high-pressure water, featuring high temperature resistance and high pressure resistance.
Sliding Bearing: Adaptable to high-speed and high-power operation with excellent wear resistance and operational stability.
In summary, the pump relies on centrifugal work done by multistage impellers. Each stage pressurizes the water flow, and the layered superposition converts normal-pressure water into high-pressure and high-head pressurized water, realizing boiler feed water supply and industrial high-pressure fluid conveyance.